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Legenda
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Legenda

Neurotransmitters
Acetylcholine
Adrenaline
Anandamide
Dopamine
Endorfine
GABA
Glutamaat
Serotonine
Substantie P

Eiwitten / enzymen
Acetylcholinesterase
MAO
Receptor
Transporter / Heropname eiwit

 

Drugs
Alcohol
Cannabis / THC
Cocaïne
Heroïne / Morfine
Ketamine
Nicotine
Speed / Amfetamine
XTC / MDMA


Overig
Azijnzuur
Choline
Remmend signaal
Stimulerend signaal

General

Modes of drug ingestion

How long it takes drugs to reach the brain depends on how they are ingested: by smoking, injecting, snorting or swallowing. Each of these routes of administration leads to a different ‘arrival time’ in the brain, and hence a longer or shorter interval before the effects of the drug are felt.

Smoking is the shortest route. The drugs are absorbed into the blood in the lungs, and therefore only need to pass through the heart before they reach the brain.

The longest route of ingestion is that of swallowing, drinking or eating. The drugs first arrive in the stomach and continue into the intestines, where they are absorbed into the blood. They then pass through the liver, heart and lungs, return to the heart, and finally reach the brain.